Application of Smart Technologies in Croatian Marinas

The objective of this research is to analyse smart technologies implemented in Croatian marinas and their impact upon the safety and service quality improvement, sustainability, and environmental protection, as well as energy consumption and operations optimisation. Key performance indicators and a definition of smart marina concept have been derived based on the smart port concept. The analysis has been conducted on a sample of 78 marinas in six different counties along the Croatian coast. Ultimately, the SWOT analysis has been performed in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of introducing smart technologies in marina management. The results indicate that the Croatian marinas are undergoing a revolution in terms of facilitating booking management process and achieving greater safety and service quality, but still need to improve in the field of monitoring and controlling nautical tourism impact upon the environment

Application of Smart Technologies in Croatian Marinas

The objective of this research is to analyse smart technologies implemented in Croatian marinas and their impact upon the safety and service quality improvement, sustainability, and environmental protection, as well as energy consumption and operations optimisation. Key performance indicators and a definition of smart marina concept have been derived based on the smart port concept. The analysis has been conducted on a sample of 78 marinas in six different counties along the Croatian coast. Ultimately, the SWOT analysis has been performed in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of introducing smart technologies in marina management. The results indicate that the Croatian marinas are undergoing a revolution in terms of facilitating booking management process and achieving greater safety and service quality, but still need to improve in the field of monitoring and controlling nautical tourism impact upon the environment

Optimisation of container relocation problem in port container terminal

U radu je istražen operativni logistički problem razmještaja kontejnera (BRP/CRP) na slagalištu lučkoga kontejnerskog terminala. Cilj istraživanja bio je razviti optimizacijski model koji rješava problem razmještaja kontejnera te omogućava brže i lakše donošenje odluka na operativnoj razini planiranja na kontejnerskom terminalu. Predloženi optimizacijski model izrađen je primjenom genetskog algoritma koji na osnovi 4 definirana pravila premještaja određuje poziciju premještaja kontejnera unutar odjeljka. Rezultat optimizacije za promatrani odjeljak predstavlja set pravila premještaja kojim se postiže minimalan broj radnji premještaja kontejnera unutar odjeljka. Model je testiran na osnovi 4 veličine odjeljka i 3 različita scenarija u pogledu udjela popunjenosti odjeljaka. Za svaku veličinu i scenarij popunjenosti odjeljka slučajno je stvoren jedan početni raspored kontejnera unutar odjeljka. S ciljem utvrđivanja različitosti rješenja s aspekta dobivenog seta pravila (kromosoma rješenja), odjeljak zadane veličine i scenarija popunjenosti te istog početnog rasporeda testiran je prilikom deset pokretanja modela. Dakle, model je ukupno pokrenut 120 puta, a kao zaključak se nameće to da je za isti početni raspored odjeljka zadane veličine i scenarija popunjenosti odjeljka moguće dobiti jednako kvalitetno ili optimalno rješenje primjenom različitog seta pravila tj; premještanjem kontejnera na različite kontejnerske pozicije. Dodatno testiranje predloženog modela provedeno je s ciljem usporedbe rezultata modela s rezultatima drugih autora koji su za izradu modela koristili metaheurističke i heurističke metode. Testiranje predloženog modela provedeno je za 4 veličine odjeljka i jedan scenarij s udjelom popunjenosti od približno 90% na uzorku od 40 slučajno stvorenih različitih početnih rasporeda odjeljaka, dakle ukupno je ostvareno 160 pokretanja modela. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju učinkovitost predloženog modela s maksimalnim postignutim poboljšanjem od 16,59 %. Izrađena je i analiza osjetljivosti predloženog modela na promjenu parametara genetskog algoritma, na osnovi koje je zaključeno da su svi parametri rada genetskog algoritma postavljeni tako da omogućavaju postizanje optimalnih ili najkvalitetnijih rješenja.This paper analyses the operational logistical problem in the container storage yard, called the block relocation problem or container relocation problem (BRP/CRP). The aim of the paper was to develop an optimization model that solves BRP/CRP and enables faster and easier decision-making at the operational planning level at the container terminal. The proposed optimization model is based on genetic algorithm which determines the storage location of moving container based upon 4 relocation rules. The result of optimization, for a given yard bay, is based upon a set of relocation rules which minimize the number of relocation movements. The model was tested for a 4 different sizes and 3 different scenarios of a bay occupancy. For each size and yard bay occupancy one initial layout of containers in the yard bay was generated randomly. In order to determine the diversity of obtained results in terms of chromosome solution, given yard bay defined size, occupancy and the same initial layout was tested ten times. Thus, the model was running total of 120 times and we can conclude that for a given yard bay defined with size, occupancy and initial layout, it can obtain high-quality solution or optimal solution by applying different sets of rules. Additional testing of the proposed model was conducted to compare the results of the model with results of the other authors who solved CRP/BRP problem by a metaheuristics and heuristics methodology. Testing of the proposed model was conducted for 4 different yard bay sizes and one scenario of yard bay occupancy with share of about 90% on a sample of 40 randomly generated different initial yard bay layout. Thus model was running for total of 160 times. The results shows the effectiveness of the proposed model with the maximum achieved improvement of 16.59%. A sensitivity analysis of proposed model is made on which it was concluded that all the parameters of genetic algorithm are set to ensure high-quality or optimal solution

Optimisation of container relocation problem in port container terminal

U radu je istražen operativni logistički problem razmještaja kontejnera (BRP/CRP) na slagalištu lučkoga kontejnerskog terminala. Cilj istraživanja bio je razviti optimizacijski model koji rješava problem razmještaja kontejnera te omogućava brže i lakše donošenje odluka na operativnoj razini planiranja na kontejnerskom terminalu. Predloženi optimizacijski model izrađen je primjenom genetskog algoritma koji na osnovi 4 definirana pravila premještaja određuje poziciju premještaja kontejnera unutar odjeljka. Rezultat optimizacije za promatrani odjeljak predstavlja set pravila premještaja kojim se postiže minimalan broj radnji premještaja kontejnera unutar odjeljka. Model je testiran na osnovi 4 veličine odjeljka i 3 različita scenarija u pogledu udjela popunjenosti odjeljaka. Za svaku veličinu i scenarij popunjenosti odjeljka slučajno je stvoren jedan početni raspored kontejnera unutar odjeljka. S ciljem utvrđivanja različitosti rješenja s aspekta dobivenog seta pravila (kromosoma rješenja), odjeljak zadane veličine i scenarija popunjenosti te istog početnog rasporeda testiran je prilikom deset pokretanja modela. Dakle, model je ukupno pokrenut 120 puta, a kao zaključak se nameće to da je za isti početni raspored odjeljka zadane veličine i scenarija popunjenosti odjeljka moguće dobiti jednako kvalitetno ili optimalno rješenje primjenom različitog seta pravila tj; premještanjem kontejnera na različite kontejnerske pozicije. Dodatno testiranje predloženog modela provedeno je s ciljem usporedbe rezultata modela s rezultatima drugih autora koji su za izradu modela koristili metaheurističke i heurističke metode. Testiranje predloženog modela provedeno je za 4 veličine odjeljka i jedan scenarij s udjelom popunjenosti od približno 90% na uzorku od 40 slučajno stvorenih različitih početnih rasporeda odjeljaka, dakle ukupno je ostvareno 160 pokretanja modela. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju učinkovitost predloženog modela s maksimalnim postignutim poboljšanjem od 16,59 %. Izrađena je i analiza osjetljivosti predloženog modela na promjenu parametara genetskog algoritma, na osnovi koje je zaključeno da su svi parametri rada genetskog algoritma postavljeni tako da omogućavaju postizanje optimalnih ili najkvalitetnijih rješenja.This paper analyses the operational logistical problem in the container storage yard, called the block relocation problem or container relocation problem (BRP/CRP). The aim of the paper was to develop an optimization model that solves BRP/CRP and enables faster and easier decision-making at the operational planning level at the container terminal. The proposed optimization model is based on genetic algorithm which determines the storage location of moving container based upon 4 relocation rules. The result of optimization, for a given yard bay, is based upon a set of relocation rules which minimize the number of relocation movements. The model was tested for a 4 different sizes and 3 different scenarios of a bay occupancy. For each size and yard bay occupancy one initial layout of containers in the yard bay was generated randomly. In order to determine the diversity of obtained results in terms of chromosome solution, given yard bay defined size, occupancy and the same initial layout was tested ten times. Thus, the model was running total of 120 times and we can conclude that for a given yard bay defined with size, occupancy and initial layout, it can obtain high-quality solution or optimal solution by applying different sets of rules. Additional testing of the proposed model was conducted to compare the results of the model with results of the other authors who solved CRP/BRP problem by a metaheuristics and heuristics methodology. Testing of the proposed model was conducted for 4 different yard bay sizes and one scenario of yard bay occupancy with share of about 90% on a sample of 40 randomly generated different initial yard bay layout. Thus model was running for total of 160 times. The results shows the effectiveness of the proposed model with the maximum achieved improvement of 16.59%. A sensitivity analysis of proposed model is made on which it was concluded that all the parameters of genetic algorithm are set to ensure high-quality or optimal solution

Optimization of container relocation operations in port container terminals

The relocation of containers is a crucial operation in container ports all around the world. The Container Relocation Problem (CRP) is focused upon to find a sequence of container retrievals in a defined order from a single yard container bay with a minimum number of relocations. The goal of this paper is to find out if Genetic Algorithm (GA) can give new insights in the problem of solving the CRP. In this paper we focus on the two-dimensional, static, offline and restricted CRP of real-world yard container bays. Four rules are proposed for determining the position of relocated containers. We applied GA to find the best sequence of container retrievals according to these four rules in order to minimize the number of relocations within the bay. The experimental testing was run on a total of 800 different instances with varying bay sizes and number of containers. The given results are compared with the results of different authors using other heuristic methods. The results show that the proposed model solves CRP and achieves near optimal solutions. First published online 9 December 201

Nature Inspired Metaheuristics for Optimizing Problems at a Container Terminal

Nowadays, maritime transport is the backbone of the international trade of goods. Therefore, seaports play a very important role in global transport. The use of containers is significantly represented in the maritime transport. Considering the increased number of container shipments in the global transport, seaport container terminals have to be adapted to a new situation and provide the best possible service of container transfer by reducing the transfer cost and the container transit time. Therefore, there is a need for optimization of the whole container transport process within the terminal. The logistic problems of the container terminals have become very complex and logistics experts cannot manually adjust the operations of terminal processes that will optimize the usage of resources. Hence, to achieve further improvements of terminal logistics, there is a need to introduce scientific methods such as metaheuristics that will enable better and optimized use of the terminal resources in an automated way. There is a large number of research papers that have successfully proposed the solutions of optimizing the container logistic problems with well-known metaheuristics inspired by the nature. However, there is a continuous emergence of new nature inspired metaheuristics today, like artificial bee colony algorithm, firefly algorithm and bat algorithm, that outperform the well-known metaheuristics considering the most popular optimization problems like travel salesman problem. Considering these results of comparing algorithms, we assume that better results of optimization of container terminal logistic problems can be achieved by introducing these new nature inspired metaheuristics. In this paper we have described and classified the main subsystems of the container terminal and its logistic problems that need to be optimized. We have also presented a review of new nature inspired metaheuristics (bee, firefly and bat algorithm) that could be used in the optimization of these problems within the terminal

Relevantni pokazatelji oblikovanja robnih tokova u državama srednjeg dijela dunavskog koridora

Paneuropski koridor VII i rijeka Dunav, kao okosnica toga koridora, predstavlja vitalni riječni pravac (u kontekstu prometnog i gospodarskog značenja) za uži europski prostor, odnosno države kroz koje koridor tranzitira, ali i širi europski prostor, koji predstavlja šire gravitacijsko područje i potencijalno tržište toga koridora. U skladu s time, problem istraživanja u ovom radu je analiza stupnja prometnog eksploatiranja srednjeg dijela dunavskog koridora koji tranzitira područjem Republike Hrvatske, s obzirom na velike mogućnosti. Stanje i mogućnosti eksploatiranja Dunava na prostoru Hrvatske u ovom se radu istražuju temeljem komparativne analize relevantnih prometnih pokazatelja, a to su: stanje mreže unutarnjih plovnih putova, stanje i kapaciteti flote brodova za promet unutarnjim plovnim putovima, intenzitet i struktura robnih tokova u riječnom prometu srednjim dunavskim koridorom te broj zaposlenih kao makroekonomski pokazatelj u tom sektoru. Spomenuta analiza pokazatelja provedena je temeljem dostupnih podataka za države Republiku Hrvatsku i Republiku Srbiju, kao predstavnice država srednjeg dijela dunavskog koridora. Rezultati istraživanja upozoravaju na nužnost poduzimanja prikladnih mjera i aktivnosti u funkciji povećanja stupnja uređenosti plovnih putova, osuvremenjivanja mehanizacije, pomlađivanja flote brodova te oplemenjivanja ovog vida prometa. Time bi Republika Hrvatska i luka Vukovar kao jedina hrvatska luka na Dunavu, napredovala u prometnom i gospodarskom smislu te postala konkurentna na međunarodnom tržištu robnih tokova unutarnjim vodnim putovima

Relevantni pokazatelji oblikovanja robnih tokova u državama srednjeg dijela dunavskog koridora

Paneuropski koridor VII i rijeka Dunav, kao okosnica toga koridora, predstavlja vitalni riječni pravac (u kontekstu prometnog i gospodarskog značenja) za uži europski prostor, odnosno države kroz koje koridor tranzitira, ali i širi europski prostor, koji predstavlja šire gravitacijsko područje i potencijalno tržište toga koridora. U skladu s time, problem istraživanja u ovom radu je analiza stupnja prometnog eksploatiranja srednjeg dijela dunavskog koridora koji tranzitira područjem Republike Hrvatske, s obzirom na velike mogućnosti. Stanje i mogućnosti eksploatiranja Dunava na prostoru Hrvatske u ovom se radu istražuju temeljem komparativne analize relevantnih prometnih pokazatelja, a to su: stanje mreže unutarnjih plovnih putova, stanje i kapaciteti flote brodova za promet unutarnjim plovnim putovima, intenzitet i struktura robnih tokova u riječnom prometu srednjim dunavskim koridorom te broj zaposlenih kao makroekonomski pokazatelj u tom sektoru. Spomenuta analiza pokazatelja provedena je temeljem dostupnih podataka za države Republiku Hrvatsku i Republiku Srbiju, kao predstavnice država srednjeg dijela dunavskog koridora. Rezultati istraživanja upozoravaju na nužnost poduzimanja prikladnih mjera i aktivnosti u funkciji povećanja stupnja uređenosti plovnih putova, osuvremenjivanja mehanizacije, pomlađivanja flote brodova te oplemenjivanja ovog vida prometa. Time bi Republika Hrvatska i luka Vukovar kao jedina hrvatska luka na Dunavu, napredovala u prometnom i gospodarskom smislu te postala konkurentna na međunarodnom tržištu robnih tokova unutarnjim vodnim putovima

Multi-Criterion Decision Model for Marina Location Selection in the County of Primorje and Gorski Kotar

The purpose of the research was to select the most suitable location for marina construction in the County of Primorje and Gorski Kotar, based on multi-criteria analysis. Potential locations for marina construtions are defined by the Spatial Plan of the County of Primorje and Gorski Kotar, and in this paper three locations are analyzed and evaluated: Rab, Kačjak (Dramalj) and Voz (Krk). The multi-criterion analysis is applied for the spatial evaluation of the location for marina construction in the County of Primorje and Gorski Kotar. Multi-criterion is being done, based on 5 criteria groups and 14 subcriteria, using the Promethee and Gaia method. An assessment of the criterion weights and evaluation was achieved by interviewing the group of experts.The model was developed in the Visual Promethee software. Using the Promethee and Gaia method location Rab was selected as the most suitable one

Assessment of the Existing Condition and Development Plans of the Nautical Tourism Ports of the Primorje- Gorski Kotar County

U radu se analitički prikazuje stanje luka nautičkog turizma u PGŽ. Također, dan je osvrt na potencijalne lokacije za izgradnju marina određene Prostornim planom Županije. Uz to, komparativno je prikazano postojeće stanje vezova u lukama nautičkog turizma PGŽ u odnosu na predviđeno povećanje planiranih kapaciteta određenih Strategijom razvoja nautičkog turizma u RH. Budući da se sukladno trendovima na turističkom tržištu očekuje daljni rast nautičkog turizma, analizirani su trendovi na tržištu nautičkih usluga koji prema autorima imaju značajnu ulogu u definiranju razvojnih prioriteta nautičkog turizma PGŽ. Cilj rada je definiranje stanja postojećih luka nautičkog turizma PGŽ te davanje smjernica za bolju iskoristivost postojećih aduta i uklanjanje uočenih nedostataka kroz buduće razvojne planove luka nautičkog turizma PGŽ